Vertical turbulence structures in the benthic boundary layer as related to suspended sediments The long-term goal of this project is to enable the use of soft robotics technology to build integrally-actuated wings for Micro Air Vehicles (MAV) that mimic the dynamic shape control capabilities of natural flyers. The goal is to utilise our understanding and devise control strategies that use integral actuation schemes to improve aerodynamic performance of membrane wings. In this collaborative initiative between the University of Southampton and Imperial College London, we are developing an integrated research programme that carries out high-fidelity experiments and computations to achieve a fundamental understanding of the dynamics of aero-electro-mechanical coupling in dynamically-actuated compliant wings. However this requires first to develop a thorough understanding of the dynamic coupling between the electro-mechanical structure of the membrane wing and its unsteady aerodynamics. Recent advances in development of electroactive materials together with high-fidelity numerical/experimental methods provide a foundation to develop biologically-inspired dynamically-active wings that can achieve "on-demand" aerodynamic performance. Towards biologically-inspired active-compliant-wing micro-air-vehiclesĭespite a good knowledge of the physiology of bats and birds, engineering applications with active dynamic wing compliance capability are currently few and far between. collision or torpedo/mine hit), what will be the progressive damage spread if the ship travels at ‘x’ knots? OR for a given amount of underwater damage, what is the maximum speed at which the ship can travel without causing additional damage?” “For a given amount of underwater damage (e.g. This project intends to answer the following questions: Further research efforts, headed by the UK MoD, began following an incident where HMS Nottingham ran aground tearing a 50m hole from bow to bridge, flooding five compartments and almost causing the ship to sink just off Lord Howe Island in 2002. Due to the way the Estonia sank early research mainly focused on transient behaviour immediately after the damage takes place, the prediction of capsize, and of large lateral motions. Research into the behaviour of damaged ships began in the mid nineties as a result of Ro-Ro disasters (e.g. Through a combination of fundamental studies using wind tunnel experiments and high resolution supercomputer simulations, extensive data analysis and development of theoretical and numerical models, DIPLOS will contribute to addressing this difficult and important problem from both a scientific research and a practical, operational perspective.ĭominic Hudson, Ming-yi Tan (Investigators),Ĭhristian Wood, James Underwood, Adam SobeyĪn area of research currently of interest in the marine industry is the effect of damage on ship structures. Scientifically, this research is novel in focusing on localized releases within urban areas, and on dispersion processes at short range. Most of the existing research on urban dispersion has focused on air quality aspects, with sources being extensive and distributed in space. to implement them into an operational model, evaluate the improvement and apply the model to a case study in central London to enable these processes to be parametrized for use in operational models,ģ. to fill in the gaps in fundamental knowledge and understanding of key dispersion processes,Ģ. The contribution that DIPLOS will make is:ġ. However, this is precisely where current operational models are least reliable because our understanding and ability to model short-range dispersion processes is limited. In both these scenarios it is crucial to be able to model, quickly and reliably, dispersion from localised sources through an urban street network in the short range, where the threat to human health is greatest. The Buncefield depot fire of 2005 resulted in the evacuation of hundreds of homes and closure of more than 200 schools and public buildings for two days consequences would have been much more severe if prevailing meteorological conditions had promoted mixing or entrainment of the smoke plume into the urban canopy. Smoke from industrial accidents within or in the vicinity of urban areas also pose risks to health and can cause widespread disruption to businesses, public services and residents. Part of the risk posed by terrorist threats involves potential releases of air-borne chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) material into highly populated urbanised areas.
The security threat level from international terrorism, introduced by the UK Security Service, has been classified as either "severe" or "critical" for much of its six-year history, and currently remains as "substantial" (source: MI5 website). Trevor Thomas, Ian Castro (Investigators) DIPLOS - Dispersion of Localised Releases in a Street Network
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